{"id":1515,"date":"2026-11-05T22:21:17","date_gmt":"2026-11-05T22:21:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/library\/1432\/"},"modified":"2026-11-05T22:21:17","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T22:21:17","slug":"1432","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/library\/1432\/","title":{"rendered":"Urban Stormwater &#038; Flood Management"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><main id=\"main\"><\/p>\n<nav aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" class=\"breadcrumbs\"><a href=\"\/\">Home<\/a><a href=\"\/library\/\">Topic library<\/a><span aria-current=\"page\">Urban Stormwater &amp; Flood Management<\/span><\/nav>\n<section class=\"section source-head\"><a class=\"text-link\" href=\"\/library\/?family=water\">\u2190 Water library<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"eyebrow\">From the IFT source library<\/div>\n<h1>Urban Stormwater &amp; Flood Management<\/h1>\n<p class=\"note\">Topic-specific explanations and research proposals developed from IFT source content. Local evidence, permissions, costs and results remain to be established.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"text-link\" href=\"https:\/\/reimagine.indiafortomorrow.com\/water\/urban-stormwater-floods\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Original source \u2197<\/a><\/section>\n<div class=\"reader-layout organised-reader\">\n<nav aria-label=\"On this page\" class=\"inside-toc\">\n<h2>On this page<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"#editorial-explanation\">Understand this topic<\/a><a href=\"#evidence-snapshot\">Evidence Snapshot<\/a><a href=\"#editorial-ideas\">10 practical ideas<\/a><a href=\"#editorial-faq\">15 questions and answers<\/a><\/nav>\n<article class=\"source-copy\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"reading-section-01\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"reading-section-02\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"reading-section-03\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"reading-section-04\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"reading-section-05\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"reading-section-06\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"reading-section-07\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-1\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-10\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-11\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-12\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-13\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-14\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-15\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-16\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-17\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-18\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-19\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-2\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-20\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-21\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-22\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-23\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-24\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-25\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-26\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-27\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-28\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-29\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-3\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-30\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-4\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-5\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-6\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-7\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-8\"><\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"legacy-anchor\" id=\"topic-section-9\"><\/span><\/p>\n<section class=\"editorial-introduction\" id=\"editorial-explanation\">\n<p class=\"eyebrow\">Understand the topic<\/p>\n<h2>What this means in daily life<\/h2>\n<p>Floodwater follows a catchment, not a ward boundary. Rainfall interacts with ground levels, occupied land, drain condition, storage areas and the route to a receiving river or outlet. Widening one drain can move water faster into another community without reducing the total risk.<\/p>\n<p>The owner asked how all possible routes to reduce flood damage could be examined. IFT proposes studying one complete urban catchment and comparing maintenance, water storage, safe overflow, land-use changes and warning systems together. Each option would be assessed for upstream and downstream effects, maintenance and the people it could displace or exclude.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"evidence-snapshot\" data-evidence-version=\"2026-11-05\" id=\"evidence-snapshot\">\n<p class=\"eyebrow\">Data reference table<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"evidence-snapshot-heading\">Evidence Snapshot<\/h2>\n<p>Read each value with its reporting period, population and limitations. A historical national reference is not a local baseline or proof that an IFT proposal works.<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-status\">5 measurement records still need data and a review of their relevance.<\/p>\n<div aria-labelledby=\"evidence-snapshot-heading\" class=\"evidence-scroll\" role=\"region\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<table class=\"evidence-table\">\n<caption>Data references for Urban Stormwater &amp; Flood Management<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">Signal<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Reference Value<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Period \/ Population<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">How to Read It<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Source Status<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"data-required-record\" data-evidence-record=\"need-1432-1\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Depth\/duration of flooding<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>Not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-small\">Data required \u2014 not zero<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Reporting period: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Population and geography: Information Required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Proposed measure; no observed value is established here.<\/p>\n<p>Limitations: Define the measure, unit, reporting period and covered population; obtain a traceable dataset and review its suitability for this topic before using a number.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Source organisation: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Direct source URL: not yet verified<\/p>\n<p>Source publication date: not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-verification\">Verification status: Data required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"data-required-record\" data-evidence-record=\"need-1432-2\">\n<th scope=\"row\">People\/assets exposed<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>Not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-small\">Data required \u2014 not zero<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Reporting period: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Population and geography: Information Required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Proposed measure; no observed value is established here.<\/p>\n<p>Limitations: Define the measure, unit, reporting period and covered population; obtain a traceable dataset and review its suitability for this topic before using a number.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Source organisation: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Direct source URL: not yet verified<\/p>\n<p>Source publication date: not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-verification\">Verification status: Data required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"data-required-record\" data-evidence-record=\"need-1432-3\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Drain capacity restored<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>Not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-small\">Data required \u2014 not zero<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Reporting period: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Population and geography: Information Required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Proposed measure; no observed value is established here.<\/p>\n<p>Limitations: Define the measure, unit, reporting period and covered population; obtain a traceable dataset and review its suitability for this topic before using a number.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Source organisation: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Direct source URL: not yet verified<\/p>\n<p>Source publication date: not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-verification\">Verification status: Data required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"data-required-record\" data-evidence-record=\"need-1432-4\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Storage created<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>Not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-small\">Data required \u2014 not zero<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Reporting period: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Population and geography: Information Required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Proposed measure; no observed value is established here.<\/p>\n<p>Limitations: Define the measure, unit, reporting period and covered population; obtain a traceable dataset and review its suitability for this topic before using a number.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Source organisation: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Direct source URL: not yet verified<\/p>\n<p>Source publication date: not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-verification\">Verification status: Data required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"data-required-record\" data-evidence-record=\"need-1432-5\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Warning lead time<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>Not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-small\">Data required \u2014 not zero<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Reporting period: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Population and geography: Information Required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Proposed measure; no observed value is established here.<\/p>\n<p>Limitations: Define the measure, unit, reporting period and covered population; obtain a traceable dataset and review its suitability for this topic before using a number.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Source organisation: Information Required<\/p>\n<p>Direct source URL: not yet verified<\/p>\n<p>Source publication date: not established<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-verification\">Verification status: Data required<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Different surveys, administrative records, estimates and reporting years are not interchangeable. No combined IFT score is calculated from these rows.<\/p>\n<p class=\"evidence-audit-link\"><a href=\"\/downloads\/evidence-audit.csv\">Evidence coverage and review log (CSV)<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"\/assets\/evidence-register.json\">Structured evidence register (JSON)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"editorial-ideas\">\n<p class=\"eyebrow\">10 ideas for this topic<\/p>\n<h2>What could be done \u2014 and what needs testing<\/h2>\n<p>These are proposals for research and local testing. They are not claims that a project has been funded, implemented or proved successful.<\/p>\n<div class=\"topic-ideas-list\">\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 01<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Build a flood history with residents and measured levels<\/h3>\n<p>Combine dated photographs, road closures, service interruptions and voluntary resident accounts with surveyed ground levels and rainfall records. Mark uncertain locations and unverified recollections.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Check whether the map explains depth, duration and affected routes rather than treating every complaint point as a separate drainage project.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 02<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Trace the drainage route beyond the flooded street<\/h3>\n<p>Follow a selected hotspot through its local drain, larger channel and final outlet. Identify backwater, blockage, missing links and outlet conditions with qualified engineering support.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Test whether repairing the street-level drain simply transfers the peak or leaves the downstream bottleneck unchanged.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 03<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Verify pre-monsoon maintenance with closure evidence<\/h3>\n<p>Assign each priority drain segment an inspection record, maintenance owner and evidence of actual clearance. Ask the responsible team to explain where removed waste goes.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Compare before-and-after flow restrictions and repeat blockage. Counting cleaning trips or uploaded photographs alone does not show restored function.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 04<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Recover storage before adding more conveyance<\/h3>\n<p>Study whether existing ponds, wetlands or other lawful storage spaces can safely retain rainfall within the catchment. Compare restoration with new storage and drain options.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Review ecological effects, land rights, public safety, sediment, maintenance and downstream performance before describing a site as available storage.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 05<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Test school or park retention with safe everyday use<\/h3>\n<p>Ask engineers and site managers whether a suitable public space can temporarily store rainfall without trapping people, contaminating play areas or disrupting critical access.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Evaluate safe entry, overflow, drainage time, water quality and maintenance. A dual-use space requires a site-specific design, not just a low boundary wall.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 06<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Assess permeable surfaces only where ground conditions allow<\/h3>\n<p>Compare a small retrofit area with a suitable reference area, using qualified assessment of soil, groundwater, contamination and the intended loading.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Check clogging, upkeep, overflow and local ground conditions. Permeable paving is not a universal substitute for drainage or a promise of groundwater recharge.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 07<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Protect hospital and emergency access routes<\/h3>\n<p>Map the routes needed for hospitals, shelters, essential workers and people requiring assistance. Test alternative access and communication when a normal road is flooded.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Review disabled and older users, night-time conditions and transport availability. A marked evacuation route is not useful if people cannot safely reach it.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 08<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Agree warning triggers with an accountable response<\/h3>\n<p>Link appropriate local observations or authorised warnings to a named decision-maker, communication route and practical action. Test the message in locally used languages.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Measure whether recipients understand and can act on the warning; sending a message is not proof of useful warning lead time.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 09<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Study sewer and stormwater cross-connections<\/h3>\n<p>Ask authorised utility teams to identify sewage entering storm drains and rainfall overloading sewers in the catchment. Compare targeted correction options alongside drainage work.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Assess water quality, overflow destinations and worker safety. A flood project must not improve drainage by spreading contaminated water more widely.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"topic-idea\"><span class=\"idea-number\">Idea 10<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Compare downstream and social impacts before construction<\/h3>\n<p>Present alternative catchment options with their likely affected areas, land needs, recurring costs and unresolved assumptions. Invite safely organised community review before choosing a pilot.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"check-label\">What to check: <\/span>Check whether the proposal shifts flooding, relies on eviction without safeguards or protects high-value property while leaving vulnerable residents at greater risk.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"reading-section\" id=\"editorial-references\">\n<h2>References and evidence limits<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/reimagine.indiafortomorrow.com\/water\/urban-stormwater-flood-management\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Existing IFT: Urban Stormwater &amp; Flood Management<\/a>\n<p>Project source proposal only; engineering options still need local professional assessment.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/niti.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-03\/Annexure-NDMA-Guidelines-compressed.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NDMA: Management of Urban Flooding<\/a>\n<p>Catchment-based drainage planning, topography and rainfall assessment. General guidance only; no local engineering design or result is verified.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Reference guidance informs the proposal. It does not establish local conditions, approve a design or prove that these proposed projects work.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>\n<aside><span class=\"eyebrow\">CONTINUE EXPLORING<\/span><a class=\"reading-link\" href=\"\/library\/1433\/\">Village Water Security \u2197<\/a><a class=\"reading-link\" href=\"\/library\/1434\/\">Wastewater &amp; Sewage Management \u2197<\/a><a class=\"reading-link\" href=\"\/library\/1435\/\">Water-Efficient Agriculture \u2197<\/a><a class=\"reading-link\" href=\"\/library\/1411\/\">Circular Water Economy \u2197<\/a><a class=\"reading-link\" href=\"\/blog\/\">Ideas &amp; articles \u2197<\/a><a class=\"reading-link\" href=\"\/participate\/\">Contribute or correct a source \u2197<\/a><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"section page-faq\" id=\"editorial-faq\">\n<p class=\"eyebrow\">15 questions, answered clearly<\/p>\n<h2>Questions about Urban Stormwater &amp; Flood Management<\/h2>\n<details>\n<summary>Why can widening a drain fail to solve flooding?<\/summary>\n<p>A local drain is one part of a larger catchment. A downstream bottleneck, high receiving-water level, lost storage or a blocked outlet may still control flooding. Moving water faster can also increase risk elsewhere, so the full route needs assessment.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What does a complete catchment study include?<\/summary>\n<p>It follows rainfall across ground surfaces, drains, storage areas, channels and the final outlet. It also examines occupied land, critical facilities, maintenance, water quality and the people affected by proposed changes.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How does this use the owner\u2019s flood-prevention idea?<\/summary>\n<p>It examines several practical routes together rather than offering one quick structure: drain maintenance, retention, safe overflow, suitable infiltration, protected access and warnings. The research would compare which combination fits the local catchment.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Are rain gardens and permeable paving suitable everywhere?<\/summary>\n<p>No. Their suitability depends on ground conditions, groundwater, contamination, intended use and maintenance. The page proposes site-specific technical assessment and monitoring rather than a blanket instruction to infiltrate all rainfall.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can a park safely become a rainfall storage area?<\/summary>\n<p>Only after competent assessment of people\u2019s access, depth, contamination, overflow, drainage and maintenance. A proposed dual-use area needs an approved safe design and should not block emergency access or create an unmarked hazard.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why include residents\u2019 flood accounts?<\/summary>\n<p>Residents can identify repeated routes, timing, inaccessible streets and service failures that a model misses. Their accounts should be dated and checked against other evidence; sensitive household details and unsafe precision should not be published.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How will the project know whether drain cleaning helped?<\/summary>\n<p>It would compare the physical restriction, resulting drainage function and repeated blockage, while accounting for rainfall and outlet conditions. The number of cleaning activities or photographs alone cannot establish that flood risk fell.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What makes a flood warning useful?<\/summary>\n<p>A warning needs a clear trigger, an accountable response and a message people can understand and act on. The study should examine safe destinations, disability access, transport and communication failure rather than count messages sent.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Should a city\u2019s flood project include downstream villages?<\/summary>\n<p>The assessment should follow the affected water route beyond the city boundary. A proposal that reduces urban water levels by increasing downstream harm needs redesign, even if the project\u2019s local performance figures look better.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What would count as a successful flood-management pilot?<\/summary>\n<p>The evaluation should examine flood depth and duration, exposed people, safe access, downstream effects, water quality, maintenance and cost under documented rainfall conditions. It should state the limits of the comparison and report any transferred harm.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What would the \u201cAssess permeable surfaces only where ground conditions allow\u201d idea involve?<\/summary>\n<p>Compare a small retrofit area with a suitable reference area, using qualified assessment of soil, groundwater, contamination and the intended loading. What to check: Check clogging, upkeep, overflow and local ground conditions. Permeable paving is not a universal substitute for drainage or a promise of groundwater recharge.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What would the \u201cProtect hospital and emergency access routes\u201d idea involve?<\/summary>\n<p>Map the routes needed for hospitals, shelters, essential workers and people requiring assistance. Test alternative access and communication when a normal road is flooded. What to check: Review disabled and older users, night-time conditions and transport availability. A marked evacuation route is not useful if people cannot safely reach it.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What would the \u201cAgree warning triggers with an accountable response\u201d idea involve?<\/summary>\n<p>Link appropriate local observations or authorised warnings to a named decision-maker, communication route and practical action. Test the message in locally used languages. What to check: Measure whether recipients understand and can act on the warning; sending a message is not proof of useful warning lead time.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What would the \u201cStudy sewer and stormwater cross-connections\u201d idea involve?<\/summary>\n<p>Ask authorised utility teams to identify sewage entering storm drains and rainfall overloading sewers in the catchment. Compare targeted correction options alongside drainage work. What to check: Assess water quality, overflow destinations and worker safety. A flood project must not improve drainage by spreading contaminated water more widely.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What would the \u201cCompare downstream and social impacts before construction\u201d idea involve?<\/summary>\n<p>Present alternative catchment options with their likely affected areas, land needs, recurring costs and unresolved assumptions. Invite safely organised community review before choosing a pilot. What to check: Check whether the proposal shifts flooding, relies on eviction without safeguards or protects high-value property while leaving vulnerable residents at greater risk.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p><\/main><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HomeTopic libraryUrban Stormwater &amp; Flood Management \u2190 Water library From the IFT source library Urban Stormwater &amp; Flood Management Topic-specific explanations and research proposals developed from IFT source content. Local evidence, permissions, costs and results remain to be established. Original source \u2197 On this page Understand this topicEvidence Snapshot10 practical ideas15 questions and answers Understand [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":84,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"ift_pillar":[],"class_list":["post-1515","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_hostinger_reach_plugin_has_subscription_block":false,"_hostinger_reach_plugin_is_elementor":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1515"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1515\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/84"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ift_pillar","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.indiafortomorrow.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ift_pillar?post=1515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}