Section 01
Where the problem happens
Define the service failure before selecting infrastructure.
Water decisions combine datasets with different boundaries, periods and definitions.
Availability does not prove accessible, safe or sustainable supply.
Required local context
Record state, district, city/block, village/ward or supply zone; season and date; source or asset; affected users; observed service; measurement or sample method; photo/document where safe; and uncertainty. Never imply 100-metre accuracy unless the evidence genuinely supports it.
Data reference table
Evidence Snapshot
Read each value with its reporting period, population and limitations. A historical national reference is not a local baseline or proof that an IFT proposal works.
4 source-linked reference records. 3 measurement records still need data and a review of their relevance.
| Signal | Reference Value | Period / Population | How to Read It | Source Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assessed annual groundwater recharge | 446.90 billion cubic metres Historical reference | Groundwater assessment water year 2024 India; national groundwater-resource assessment | An estimate of annual groundwater recharge in the assessment. Limitations: National recharge hides aquifer, seasonal and local variation; it is not a measured balance for a chosen village. | Ministry of Jal Shakti / Central Ground Water Board and States/UTs Official government release Record type: official resource assessment estimate Ministry of Jal Shakti year-end review: Ground Water Resources Published: 2025-01-25 Publication checked: 2026-11-04 Value, period and coverage checked in publication |
| Assessed annual extractable groundwater resource | 406.19 billion cubic metres Historical reference | Groundwater assessment water year 2024 India; national groundwater-resource assessment | The extractable resource is distinct from total annual recharge. Limitations: Not a guarantee of water available to every user or of acceptable water quality; use local assessment units for local decisions. | Ministry of Jal Shakti / Central Ground Water Board and States/UTs Official government release Record type: official resource assessment estimate Ministry of Jal Shakti year-end review: Ground Water Resources Published: 2025-01-25 Publication checked: 2026-11-04 Value, period and coverage checked in publication |
| Assessed annual groundwater extraction for all uses | 245.64 billion cubic metres Historical reference | Groundwater assessment water year 2024 India; extraction across all uses | A national extraction estimate for the groundwater resource balance. Limitations: It is not agriculture-only extraction or a metered count of every borewell. Local and sectoral distributions need separate data. | Ministry of Jal Shakti / Central Ground Water Board and States/UTs Official government release Record type: official resource assessment estimate Ministry of Jal Shakti year-end review: Ground Water Resources Published: 2025-01-25 Publication checked: 2026-11-04 Value, period and coverage checked in publication |
| Average stage of groundwater extraction | 60.47% Historical reference | Groundwater assessment water year 2024 India; national groundwater-resource assessment | Relates assessed extraction to the assessed annual extractable resource. Limitations: A national average can coexist with severe local over-extraction; it is not a safe pumping limit for a farm or aquifer. | Ministry of Jal Shakti / Central Ground Water Board and States/UTs Official government release Record type: official resource assessment ratio Ministry of Jal Shakti year-end review: Ground Water Resources Published: 2025-01-25 Publication checked: 2026-11-04 Value, period and coverage checked in publication |
| Inventory coverage | Not established Data required — not zero | Reporting period: Information Required Population and geography: Information Required | Proposed measure; no observed value is established here. Limitations: Define the measure, unit, reporting period and covered population; obtain a traceable dataset and review its suitability for this topic before using a number. | Source organisation: Information Required Direct source URL: not yet verified Source publication date: not established Verification status: Data required |
| Water balance closure | Not established Data required — not zero | Reporting period: Information Required Population and geography: Information Required | Proposed measure; no observed value is established here. Limitations: Define the measure, unit, reporting period and covered population; obtain a traceable dataset and review its suitability for this topic before using a number. | Source organisation: Information Required Direct source URL: not yet verified Source publication date: not established Verification status: Data required |
| Data revision time | Not established Data required — not zero | Reporting period: Information Required Population and geography: Information Required | Proposed measure; no observed value is established here. Limitations: Define the measure, unit, reporting period and covered population; obtain a traceable dataset and review its suitability for this topic before using a number. | Source organisation: Information Required Direct source URL: not yet verified Source publication date: not established Verification status: Data required |
Different surveys, administrative records, estimates and reporting years are not interchangeable. No combined IFT score is calculated from these rows.
Evidence coverage and review log (CSV) · Structured evidence register (JSON)
Section 02
Why the problem happens
Test the full source-to-service chain.
Fragmented agencies and incompatible records
Treat this as a hypothesis until records, field observation, seasonal evidence and credible alternatives are checked.
Surface and groundwater planned separately
Treat this as a hypothesis until records, field observation, seasonal evidence and credible alternatives are checked.
Demand and loss estimates remain weak
Treat this as a hypothesis until records, field observation, seasonal evidence and credible alternatives are checked.
Climate and ecological needs enter late
Treat this as a hypothesis until records, field observation, seasonal evidence and credible alternatives are checked.
Section 03
How the parts work together
Components that must work together.
Rainfall, rivers, lakes, reservoirs and wetlands
Define the responsible actor, operating standard, input, handoff, maintenance requirement, failure trigger and evidence record.
Groundwater and aquifers
Drinking-water sources
Agriculture, industry and urban demand
Wastewater generation, treatment and reuse
Flood, drought and future-demand risk
Section 04
A solution suited to India
Match intervention to hydrogeology, settlement and service capacity.
Build a versioned water account by basin, aquifer and administrative area.
Separate stock, flow, quality, access, demand, return flow and uncertainty.
Reconcile remote sensing, monitoring stations, utility records and field verification.
Publish gaps and revision history before allocation decisions.
Decision checks
Safety; Water balance; Affordability; Equity; Operations; Ecology; Climate risk; Accountability
Section 05
Roadmap
Diagnose, protect, pilot, measure and institutionalise.
- 0–90 DAYS
- Verify & protect
Confirm the location, affected users, service chain, immediate health or safety risk, responsible agency and existing evidence.
- 3–18 MONTHS
- Controlled pilot
Create one district water balance linking rainfall, surface water, groundwater, demand, wastewater and ecological requirements.
- 1–5+ YEARS
- Durable system
Fund operations, preventive maintenance, skilled teams, monitoring, public reporting, correction pathways and independent evaluation.
Section 06
Results
Measure service and outcomes—not assets alone.
KPI 01
Inventory coverage
Baseline · target · actual · unit · source · period · distribution
KPI 02
Records with source/year/method
Baseline · target · actual · unit · source · period · distribution
KPI 03
Water balance closure
Baseline · target · actual · unit · source · period · distribution
KPI 04
Data revision time
Baseline · target · actual · unit · source · period · distribution
KPI 05
Decisions using verified accounts
Baseline · target · actual · unit · source · period · distribution
Section 07
Risks and protections
Water interventions can transfer risk across people, places and time.
- Risk: False precision
Prevention · accountable owner · trigger · remedy - Risk: Sensitive source locations exposed
Prevention · accountable owner · trigger · remedy - Risk: Double counting connected water
Prevention · accountable owner · trigger · remedy
